Zogulitsa
Direct Fired Absorption Chiller
Refrigeration Cycle
Mfundo ya refrigeration ya chiller (chotenthetsera) chowotcha (chotentha) chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 1. Kutentha ndi kuzizira kwa valve F5 kumatsegulidwa, ndipo F6-F10 imatsekedwa.Njira yochepetsera kuchokera ku absorber imanyamulidwa ndi mpope wa LTG, ndikutenthedwa ndi chotenthetsera cha kutentha kochepa ndikulowa mu LTG.Mu LTG, mankhwala osungunula amatenthedwa ndikuwotchedwa ndi mpweya wothamanga kwambiri komanso wotentha kwambiri wa refrigerant kuchokera ku HTG ndipo yankho limakhazikika mu njira yapakatikati.
Njira zambiri zapakatikati zimatengedwa ndi mpope wa HTG kupita ku HTG, pambuyo potenthedwa ndi chotenthetsera cha kutentha kwambiri.Mu HTG, kuyaka kwamafuta kumatulutsa kutentha kuti kutenthetse njira ya LiBr kuti ipange mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, wotentha kwambiri wa refrigerant, ndipo yankho limakhazikikanso munjira yokhazikika.Ukadaulo uwu umatengedwa kwambiri ndi opanga matenthedwe otenthetsera mafakitale kuti atsimikizire kuyendetsa bwino kwamafuta.
Mu LTG, mpweya wothamanga kwambiri, wotentha kwambiri wa refrigerant wochokera ku HTG umatenthetsa njira yowonongeka mu LTG ndikulowa mumadzi ozizira, omwe amalowa mu condenser pamodzi ndi nthunzi ya refrigerant yomwe imapangidwa mu LTG kupyolera mukugwedeza ndi kupsinjika maganizo, ndiyeno kuziziritsidwa m'madzi a refrigerant omwe amagwirizana ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi ozizira mu condenser.Mfundo zamapangidwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mafakitale opanga zotenthetsera kutentha zimatsimikizira kugwira ntchito bwino komanso kudalirika.Kuphatikiza apo, opanga zotenthetsera m'mafakitale nthawi zambiri amaphatikiza zida zapamwamba kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu komanso kulimba kwa ma chiller awo.
The refrigerant madzi mu condenser amalowa evaporator pambuyo throttled ndi U-mtundu chubu, ndiyeno kuperekedwa ndi mpope refrigerant, sprayed pa evaporator chubu cluster, kuyamwa kutentha kwa madzi ozizira ndi nthunzi, ndiyeno kutentha kwa madzi ozizira mu machubu akutsikira, kuti akwaniritse cholinga cha firiji.
Pambuyo pa njira yapakatikati yochokera ku LTG yosakanikirana ndi yankho lokhazikika lochokera ku HTG, imadutsa muchotenthetsera cha kutentha pang'ono ndikulowa mu chotengera, kupopera pagulu la absorber chubu, ndikuzizidwa ndi madzi ozizira, ndikuyamwa firiji. nthunzi kuchokera mu evaporator pa nthawi yomweyo ndiyeno kukhala kuchepetsedwa njira.Yankho la LiBr lomwe limachepetsedwa ndi kuyamwa mpweya wa refrigerant mu evaporator limatumizidwa mu jenereta kuti liwotche ndikuyika pampu ya jenereta, yomwe imamaliza kuzungulira kwa firiji.Njirayi imabwerezedwa ndi chiller chowotcha mwachindunji kotero kuti evaporator imatha kutulutsa madzi ozizira otentha otenthetsera mpweya kapena kupanga.
Kutentha Mkombero
Kuwotcha kwa chotenthetsera chowotcha mwachindunji (chotenthetsera) chikuwonetsedwa mu Chithunzi 2, ma valve otenthetsera ndi kuziziritsa F5, F13, F14 amatsekedwa, F6-F10 amatsegulidwa, dera lamadzi ozizira komanso dera lamadzi la refrigerant limayimitsa, ndipo dera lamadzi ozizira limasinthidwa kukhala dera lamadzi otentha apanyumba.Absorber, condenser, LTG, chosinthira kutentha kwapang'onopang'ono, chotenthetsera chotsika pang'ono chimasiya kugwira ntchito.The diluted solution mu absorber imaperekedwa ku HTG ndikukhazikika kudzera pa mpope wa yankho.The kwaiye refrigerant nthunzi umalowa evaporator kudzera chubu ndi valavu F7, condens pa evaporator chubu cluster, ndi kutentha m'nyumba madzi otentha.Madzi osungunuka a firiji amalowa mu chotengera kuchokera ku thireyi yamadzi ya evaporator kudzera mu valve F9.Njira yokhazikika mu HTG imalowa mu chowumitsira kudzera mu valavu F8, ndipo imasakanizidwa ndi madzi a refrigerant mu absorber kukhala yankho losungunuka.Njira yothirira imaperekedwanso ku HTG ndi pampu yamadzi ndikutenthetsa.Kuzungulira komwe kwanenedwa kale ndi opanga zotenthetsera kutentha kwa mafakitale kumachitika mobwerezabwereza kuti apange njira yotenthetsera yosalekeza.
• Wet-back water-chubu HTG: kapangidwe kakang'ono komanso kuchita bwino kwambiri
Mpweya wa chitoliro ndi njira yosinthira chipwirikiti kutentha kusinthanitsa ndikokwanira, kutentha kwautsiku ≤170 ℃.
• Njira zosinthira njira zosinthira ndi ukadaulo woyendera limodzi: kugwiritsa ntchito kwambiri magwero a kutentha, magwiridwe antchito apamwamba (COP)
The yankho m'mbuyo mndandanda ndi kufanana kufalitsidwa ukadaulo kumapangitsa ndende yankho la LTG pakati, ndi ndende ya anaikira yankho mu HTG ndi apamwamba.Asanalowe otsika kutentha kutentha exchanger, njira ndende kuchepetsa pambuyo wapakatikati njira kusanganikirana ndi moyikirapo njira.Ndiye unit adzapeza lalikulu osiyanasiyana kwa nthunzi kumaliseche ndi dzuwa apamwamba, komanso kukhala kutali ndi crystallization, amene ali otetezeka ndi odalirika.
• Chida cholekanitsa chabwino: kuthetsa kuipitsa
Kuphatikizika kwa yankho la LiBr mu jenereta kumagawidwa m'magawo awiri, gawo la kung'anima ndi gawo la m'badwo.Choyambitsa chenicheni cha kuipitsa chiri mu gawo la kung'anima m'badwo. Chipangizo cholekanitsa chabwino chimalekanitsa bwino mpweya wa refrigerant ndi yankho mu njira yowunikira, kuti mpweya wabwino wa refrigerant ulowe mu sitepe yotsatira ya kuzungulira kwa firiji, kuchotsa gwero la kuipitsidwa ndi kuipitsidwa. kuthetsa kuipitsidwa kwa madzi a mufiriji.
• Fine flash evaporation chipangizo: refrigerant zinyalala kutentha kutentha
Kutentha kwamadzi a firiji mkati mwa unit kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kutenthetsa njira yothetsera LiBr yochepetsera kuchepetsa kutentha kwa LTG ndikukwaniritsa cholinga cha kubwezeretsa kutentha kwa zinyalala, kupulumutsa mphamvu ndi kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito.
• Economizer: kulimbikitsa kutulutsa mphamvu
Isooctanol yokhala ndi mankhwala wamba ngati chowonjezera mphamvu chowonjezeredwa ku LiBr yankho, nthawi zambiri ndi mankhwala osasungunuka omwe amangowonjezera mphamvu zochepa.Economizer imatha kukonza chisakanizo cha isooctanol ndi LiBr m'njira yapadera kuti itsogolere isooctanol pakupanga ndi kuyamwa, motero kumathandizira kulimbikitsa mphamvu, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndikuzindikira mphamvu zamagetsi.
• Chithandizo chapadera chapamwamba cha machubu osinthira kutentha: Kuchita kwakukulu pakusinthanitsa kutentha & kuchepa kwa mphamvu
The evaporator ndi absorber akhala hydrophilic mankhwala kuonetsetsa ngakhale madzi filimu kufalitsidwa pa chubu pamwamba.Mapangidwe awa amatha kusintha kusintha kwa kutentha ndikuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
• Chipinda chosungiramo mufiriji chodzisinthira: kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito ndikufupikitsa nthawi yoyambira/yotseka
Mphamvu yosungiramo madzi ya refrigerant imatha kusinthidwa zokha malinga ndi kusintha kwa katundu wakunja, makamaka pamene unit imagwira ntchito pang'onopang'ono.Kukhazikitsidwa kwa chipangizo chosungiramo firiji kumatha kufupikitsa nthawi yoyambira/kutseka kwambiri ndikuchepetsa ntchito yopanda ntchito.
• Chosinthitsa kutentha kwa mbale: kupulumutsa mphamvu zoposa 10%.
Chowotcha chosapanga dzimbiri cha malata chimatengedwa.Mtundu uwu wa kutentha kwa mbale umakhala ndi mawu omveka bwino, kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komanso ntchito yodabwitsa yopulumutsa mphamvu.Pakadali pano, mbale yachitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri imakhala ndi moyo wautumiki wazaka zopitilira 20.
• Magalasi owoneka bwino a sintered: chitsimikizo champhamvu chakuchita bwino kwa vacuum
Mlingo wa kutayikira kwa unit yonse ndi wotsika kuposa 2.03X10-10 Pa.m3 /S, womwe ndi giredi 3 kuposa muyezo wadziko lonse, ungawonetsetse moyo wa unit.
• Li2MoO4 Corrosion inhibitor: choletsa kuwononga chilengedwe
Lithium Molybate (Li2MoO4), choletsa kuwononga chilengedwe, chimagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa Li2CrO4 (Yokhala ndi zitsulo zolemera) pokonza yankho la LiBr.
• Kuwongolera pafupipafupi: ukadaulo wopulumutsa mphamvu
Unit akhoza kusintha ntchito yake basi ndi kusunga ntchito mulingo woyenera malinga ndi katundu kuzirala zosiyanasiyana.
• Chubu chosweka Alamu chipangizo
Pamene machubu osinthira kutentha athyoka mugawo pazikhalidwe zachilendo, makina owongolera amatumiza alamu kukumbutsa wogwiritsa ntchito kuchitapo kanthu, kuchepetsa kuwonongeka.
• Mapangidwe apamwamba kwambiri a moyo wautali
Moyo wautumiki wopangidwa wagawo lonse ndi ≥25 zaka, kapangidwe koyenera, kusankha zinthu, kukonza vacuum yayikulu ndi njira zina, zimatsimikizira moyo wautali wautumiki.
• Mtundu wa kuyaka wokomera chilengedwe wowotcha mwachindunji HTG (ngati mukufuna)
Ukadaulo woyatsa molunjika wa HTG umatenga umisiri wapamwamba kwambiri woyatsira, ndipo zisonyezo zonse zotulutsa mpweya zimakumana ndi Zofunikira za National Environmental Protection Requirements, makamaka mpweya wa NOx ≤ 30mg/Nm3.
• Mokwanira-zodziwikiratu kulamulira ntchito
Dongosolo loyang'anira (AI, V5.0) limawonetsedwa ndi ntchito zamphamvu komanso zathunthu, monga fungulo limodzi loyambira / kutseka, nthawi yotsegula / kuzimitsa, chitetezo chachitetezo chokhwima, kusintha kambiri, kutsekeka kwadongosolo, makina a akatswiri, makina amunthu. dialogue(zilankhulo zingapo), kumanga zolumikizira zokha, ndi zina.
• Malizitsani kudzizindikiritsa nokha ndi chitetezo
Dongosolo loyang'anira (AI, V5.0) lili ndi 34 zolakwika zodzidziwitsa nokha ndi ntchito zoteteza.Njira zodziwikiratu zidzatengedwa ndi dongosolo molingana ndi kuchuluka kwa zovuta.Izi cholinga chake ndi kupewa ngozi, kuchepetsa ntchito ya anthu ndikuwonetsetsa kuti ntchito yoziziritsa kukhosi ikhazikika, yotetezeka komanso yokhazikika.
• Ntchito yapadera yosinthira katundu
Dongosolo lowongolera (AI, V5.0) lili ndi ntchito yapadera yosinthira katundu, yomwe imathandizira kusintha kwachangu kwa chiller molingana ndi katundu weniweni.Ntchitoyi sikuti imangothandiza kuchepetsa nthawi yoyambira / yotseka komanso nthawi yochepetsera, komanso imathandizira kuti pakhale ntchito yochepa komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
• Ukadaulo wapadera wowongolera voliyumu yothetsera njira
Dongosolo lowongolera (AI, V5.0) limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo waukadaulo wa ternary control kuti usinthe kuchuluka kwa mayankho.Pachikhalidwe, magawo a jenereta madzi mlingo ntchito kulamulira kufalitsidwa buku.Ukadaulo watsopanowu umaphatikiza zoyenerera za ndende & kutentha kwa yankho lokhazikika komanso mulingo wamadzimadzi mu jenereta.Pakadali pano, ukadaulo wowongolera pafupipafupi wosinthika umagwiritsidwa ntchito pampope yothetsera kuti unit ikwaniritse voliyumu yabwino yozungulira.Tekinoloje iyi imathandizira magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa nthawi yoyambira komanso kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu.
• Ukadaulo wowongolera kutentha kwa madzi ozizira
Dongosolo lowongolera (AI, V5.0) limatha kuwongolera ndikusintha magwero a kutentha molingana ndi kusintha kwa kutentha kwa madzi olowera.Posunga kutentha kwa madzi ozizira mkati mwa 15-34 ℃, unit imagwira ntchito bwino komanso moyenera.
• Tekinoloje yoyendetsera ndende yothetsera vutoli
Dongosolo lowongolera (AI, V5.0) limagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wapadera wowongolera ndende kuti athe kuyang'anira nthawi yeniyeni / kuwongolera ndende ndi kuchuluka kwa yankho lokhazikika komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi otentha.Dongosololi limatha kukhala ndi chiller pansi pachitetezo chokhazikika komanso chokhazikika, kuwongolera magwiridwe antchito a chiller ndikupewa crystallization.
• Wanzeru basi mpweya kuyeretsa ntchito
Dongosolo lowongolera (AI, V5.0) limatha kuzindikira kuwunika kwakanthawi kwa vacuum ndikuchotsa mpweya wosasunthika.
• Wapadera dilution stop control
Dongosolo lowongolera ili (AI, V5.0) limatha kuwongolera nthawi yogwiritsira ntchito mapampu osiyanasiyana ofunikira kuti azitha kuwongolera molingana ndi ndende ya yankho, kutentha kozungulira komanso kuchuluka kwa madzi otsala mufiriji.Choncho, ndende mulingo woyenera kwambiri akhoza anakhalabe kwa chiller pambuyo shutdown.Crystallization imaletsedwa ndipo nthawi yoyambiranso kuzizira imafupikitsidwa.
• Njira yoyendetsera magawo ogwira ntchito
Kupyolera mu mawonekedwe a kachitidwe kameneka kameneka (AI, V5.0), wogwiritsa ntchito amatha kuchita zotsatirazi pazigawo 12 zofunikira zokhudzana ndi ntchito ya chiller: chiwonetsero cha nthawi yeniyeni, kukonza, kukhazikitsa.Zolemba zimatha kusungidwa pazochitika zakale.
• Njira yoyendetsera zolakwika zamagulu
Ngati vuto lina lililonse likuwonetsedwa pa mawonekedwe opangira, makina owongolera awa (AI, V5.0) amatha kupeza ndi tsatanetsatane wa zolakwika, kupereka yankho kapena chiwongolero chowombera.Kusanthula ndi kusanthula kwatsatanetsatane kwa zolakwika zakale zitha kuchitidwa kuti zithandizire kukonza zoperekedwa ndi ogwira ntchito.
Deepblue Remote Monitoring Center imasonkhanitsa zambiri zamayunitsi omwe amagawidwa ndi Deepblue padziko lonse lapansi.Kupyolera m'magulu, ziwerengero ndi kusanthula kwa deta yeniyeni, ikuwonetseratu monga malipoti, ma curve, ndi histograms kuti akwaniritse chiwongolero chonse cha momwe zida zimagwirira ntchito komanso kuwongolera zolakwika.Kupyolera mu mndandanda wa kusonkhanitsa, kuwerengera, kulamulira, alamu, chenjezo loyambirira, buku lachidziwitso, zida zogwiritsira ntchito ndi kukonza zinthu ndi ntchito zina, komanso kusanthula kwapadera ndi ntchito zowonetsera, ntchito yakutali, kukonza, ndi zosowa za kasamalidwe ka unit. potsiriza anazindikira.Makasitomala ovomerezeka amatha kuyang'ana pa WEB kapena APP, yomwe ili yabwino komanso yachangu.
Chitsimikizo cha katundu
Sankhani chitsanzo cha chiwongolero chowotcha mwachindunji kutengera mpweya wozizira kapena kukonza katundu woziziritsa mnyumbamo.Yang'anani ngati mphamvu yake yotenthetsera imatha kukwaniritsa zofunikira zotentha.Ngati sichoncho, gawo lalikulu likufunika.
Unit ntchito
Kutengera ndikugwiritsa ntchito mosiyanasiyana, gawo lothamangitsidwa mwachindunji litha kugawidwa m'mitundu yokhazikika (mtundu wozizirira & wotenthetsera), mtundu wozizirira, ndi mitundu ya zolinga zitatu.
Mtundu wamafuta
Pali mitundu yambiri yamafuta omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pamayamwidwe a LiBr mwachindunji.Nthawi zambiri gasi, malasha, LPG, mafuta opepuka, mafuta olemera ndi zina zotero.Kutentha kosiyanasiyana kumabweretsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana zoyatsira.Choncho, musanasankhe unit, m'pofunika kudziwa mtundu wa mafuta ndi kutentha kwake.Kwa mafuta a gasi, mphamvu ya gasi iyeneranso kuperekedwa.
Chilled madzi chotuluka kutentha
Kupatula kutentha komwe kwatchulidwako kwamadzi ozizira kwagawo lokhazikika, kutentha kwina kotuluka (min -5 ℃) kungasankhidwenso.
Zofunikira zonyamula mphamvu
Kuthamanga kwapangidwe kokhala ndi mphamvu yokhazikika yamadzi ozizira / oziziritsa madzi a unit ndi 0.8MPa.Ngati kupanikizika kwenikweni kwamadzi kumaposa mtengo wokhazikika, gawo lamtundu wa HP liyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito.
Unit Qty
Ngati mayunitsi opitilira umodzi agwiritsidwa ntchito, QTY ya unit iyenera kutsimikiziridwa ndikuganizira mozama za kuchuluka kwa katundu, kuchuluka pang'ono, nthawi yokonza komanso kukula kwa chipinda cha makina.
Control mode
The standard fired direct fired LiBr absorption chiller (heater) imathandizidwa ndi Al (artificial intelligence) system yomwe imathandizira kuti zizigwira ntchito zokha.Pakadali pano, pali njira zingapo zomwe makasitomala angasankhe, monga njira zoyendetsera pampu yamadzi ozizira, pampu yamadzi ozizira, mawonekedwe a fan fan fan, kuwongolera nyumba, dongosolo lolamulira lapakati, mwayi wa IoT.
Kuchuluka kwa Supply
| Kanthu | Qty | Ndemanga |
| Chigawo chachikulu | 1 seti | LTG, condenser, evaporator, absorber, yankho kutentha exchanger, auto purge chipangizo, etc. |
| HTG | Ndinakhala | Tekinoloje yovomerezeka, yotentha kwambiri.Mitundu yamitundu itatu imatha kupereka chotenthetsera madzi apanyumba. |
| Wowotcha | Kuphatikiza zida zotetezera, zosefera, ndi zina. | |
| LiBr yankho | Zokwanira | |
| Pampu yam'chitini | 2/4 seti | Kuchuluka kosiyana malinga ndi mafotokozedwe osiyanasiyana. |
| Pampu ya vacuum | 1 seti | |
| Dongosolo lowongolera | 1 seti | Kuphatikizira masensa & zinthu zowongolera (mulingo wamadzimadzi, kupanikizika, kuthamanga kwamayendedwe ndi kutentha), PLC ndi chophimba chokhudza. |
| Frequency Converter | 1 seti | |
| Zida zotumizira | 1 seti | Thermometer ndi zida wamba. |
| Zophatikizana nazo | Ndinakhala | Onani Packing List, yomwe ingakwaniritse zofunikira pakukonza zaka 5. |
Mapepala Osankhidwa a Model
| Kanthu | Mtundu | Mawonekedwe | Ndemanga |
| Ntchito | Standard | Kuzizira kapena Kutentha | |
| Zolinga zitatu | Kuziziritsa, Kutentha panthawiyi kumapereka madzi otentha apanyumba | Kutentha kwa madzi otentha apanyumba kuyenera kufotokozedwa poyitanitsa. | |
| Kuziziritsa | Kuzizira kokha | ||
| Mafuta | Mafuta opepuka amtundu | -35 ~ 10 # mafuta a dizilo opepuka | |
| Mtundu wa mafuta olemera | Mafuta a dizilo olemera, mafuta otsalira, mafuta osakanikirana | Viscosity iyenera kufotokozedwa poyitanitsa. | |
| Mtundu wa gasi | Mitundu yonse yamafuta achilengedwe, gasi wamalasha, LPG | Mtengo wa kutentha ndi kuthamanga ziyenera kufotokozedwa poyitanitsa. | |
| Mtundu wamafuta a Duel | Mafuta opepuka / gasi olemera mafuta / gasi | ||
| Lamulo lapadera | Mtundu wowonjezera wa HTG | Limbikitsani mphamvu yotenthetsera, gawo lalikulu, zowonjezera zowonjezera | |
| Mtundu wa HP | Pamene madzi ozizira / madzi ozizira ndi kuthamanga kwa madzi otentha ≥ 0.8MPa, chipinda chamadzi chothamanga kwambiri chidzakhazikitsidwa.Mphamvu yonyamula mphamvu imatha kukhala 0.8-1.6MPa kapena 1.6-2.0MPa. | ||
| Mtundu wotsika | Gasi wokhala ndi kutentha kochepa kapena kuthamanga | Mtengo wa kutentha ndi kuthamanga ziyenera kufotokozedwa poyitanitsa. | |
| Chotengera chogwiritsidwa ntchito | Mtundu uwu umagwiritsidwa ntchito ku zochitika zomwe zimagwedezeka pang'ono.Madzi a m'nyanja angagwiritsidwe ntchito ngati madzi ozizira. | ||
| Gawani mtundu | Zochepa ndi kukula kwa tsamba la ogwiritsa ntchito, thupi lalikulu ndi HTG zitha kunyamulidwa padera. |
Kuchuluka kwa Kutumiza ndi Kumanga
| Zinthu | Kufotokozera | Kuchuluka kwa Kutumiza ndi Kumanga | Ndemanga | |
| Deepblue | Wogwiritsa | |||
| Chigawo | Unit ndi zowonjezera | o | Chonde onani za Scope of Supply. | |
| Mayeso a magwiridwe antchito | Ex-factory performance test | o | ||
| Kukhazikitsa tsamba | o | Nthawi ina yoziziritsa ndi ina yotentha | ||
| Mayendedwe kupita kumalo | Kuchokera ku fakitale kupita kumalo ogwirira ntchito | o | Zimatengera Sales Contract | |
| Kuchokera pamalo ogwirira ntchito mpaka pansi | o | Zimatengera Sales Contract | ||
| Kuyika m'malo | o | Zimatengera Sales Contract | ||
| Unit Assembly (kutumiza kosiyana) | o | Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kupereka zida zowotcherera, nayitrogeni ndi zida zina zofunika. | ||
| Ntchito zamagetsi | Sensor ndi mita | o | Wogwiritsa ntchitoyo ayenera kukhala ndi udindo woyika zingwe zowongolera kutali. | |
| Makina opanga ma waya akunja | o | Mawaya amapitilira mpaka kutuluka kwa wiring terminal ya control cabinet. | ||
| Mainjiniya ena | Kumanga maziko | o | ||
| Uinjiniya wamachubu akunja | o | |||
| Air purge system | o | |||
| Tubing system anti-kuzizira | o | M'nyengo yozizira, chonde tsatirani njira zoletsa kuzizira pamachubu amadzi. | ||
| Kuwongolera khalidwe la madzi ozizira | o | Chonde ikani valavu yotulutsa madzi ozizira kapena gawo lina kuti muzitha kuyang'anira bwino madzi. | ||
| Insulation engineering | o | Zosankha, zimatengera Mgwirizano Wogulitsa. | ||
| Zina | LiBr yankho | o | ||
| Maphunziro & malangizo ogwiritsira ntchito | o | |||
